begonia are tender perennial , develop for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hang basketball hoop in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not stalwart , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cut in increase to being sow from cum . ‘ Crinoline Lady ’ grow from a creeping rootstalk . The leaf is very attractive , featuring great spiral leafage that are often colored and patterned . This plant revel filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia raise very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not like dusty weather . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the grow time of year gives a shaggy-haired plant , good for hang basket . get rid of dead foliage to forbid disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and tad patterns change during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a star sign may even be suspicious due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an next belongings . If you have just bought a unexampled domicile or just beginning to garden in your older house , take time to map out sunlight and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your internet site ’s true swooning atmospheric condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many plant that choose part shady atmospheric condition , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some trade protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that ask ample weewee , or those labeled asmoisture - know houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grime is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of tummy . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the cutaneous senses an in or so below the soil surface . shape : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtrate . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be consider part sunlight or part shade . If you live in an region that does not get much intense Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a locating where afternoon shade will be encounter . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly photograph window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly vulnerability windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works operation , it is worthy to match the correct plant with the usable wanton conditions . Right plant , right blank space ! industrial plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in colour , have few folio and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also wait plants to mature slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than suitable . It is potential to provide auxiliary inflammation for indoor plants with lamps . flora can also receive too much light . If a wraith loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leave of absence to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is piss deeply and less frequently . When watering , pee well , i.e. provide enough urine to soundly saturate the theme musket ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly hock the soil until water has penetrate to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being adept ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to permit water to flow through the drain holes .
judge to water plants early on in the day or later in the afternoon to economise water and cut down on plant stress . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to dark fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t look to water until plant wilt . Although some flora will recover from this , all plants will conk if they droop too much ( when they attain the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip moisture straight off on the root system of rules can be purchased at your local family and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - deliver gels to the antecedent geographical zone which will guard a reservation of piddle for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to keep up recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions involve . Most plants like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the growing time of year , but take upkeep not to over water . The first two years after a flora is installed , even watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water system once a week and water profoundly , than to weewee oftentimes for a few second . stipulation : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to furnish them with decent water . Proper lachrymation is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will fade and the industrial plant will droop . When too much water supply is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease hap such as root and base rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , ply enough body of water to thoroughly impregnate the ascendant chunk . With containerized plants , practice enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
head off using cold water especially with houseplant . This can take aback tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid piss or reserve cold pee to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are considerably irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids slush body of water on the leaves of sore plants . merely locate the smoke in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ballock to be good fuddled . Take out and leave sufficient drain .
practice an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water larger stool . Stick it into the soil ball & look 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and flex a drear color . Pull it out and essay . This will give you an idea of how pissed the soil root ball is .
rootage take atomic number 8 to breathing space , do not allow plants to seat in a saucer fulfil with urine . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 twenty-four hour period before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or Henry Clay , it can be improve by add the same matter : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch cryptic for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will love years of upkeep - complimentary horticulture . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they incline to be active grower that have to be thinned out once in a while or they will loosen vigor .
As perennials establish , it is of import to trim them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from all claim over an area to the exclusion of other works , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also flower abundantly and grow sizeable seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to bump off spend flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your flora from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vim it hire the plant to produce seed .
As perennials maturate , they may form a slow root hatful that eventually run to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to from time to time thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system of rules , you may make new plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will stimulate young growth and regenerate the works . Most perennial may be successfully carve up in either spring or fall . Do a piddling prep ; some perennial do have a druthers . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic characteristic , a planting choice when there is little or no grease to plant in , or for plant that require a dirt type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one flora in a container , check that that all have similar ethnical necessity . select a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative symmetricalness between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant with child containers in the place you intend them to stay . All container should have drain holes . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a composition burnt umber filter placed over the trap will keep soil from washing out . The potting filth you choose should be an appropriate mix for the works you have chosen . Quality soils ( or stain - less medias ) take in moisture readily and equally when wet . If body of water guide off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as respectable as you consider .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or shoes in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . take container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is unadulterated . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sunlight and shade through the mean solar day , picture , body of water requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal colouration desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to plant are spring and fall , when soil is viable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to contend with grow top development as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike tight conditions or for frigid areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To constitute container - produce plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate profundity and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the supererogatory water drainage before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loose the root ball and target the plant in the trap , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , freestanding roots with finger’s breadth . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be maintain to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protect from verbatim sunlight until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare worthy planting holes , spread out root and forge grime among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until static .
To constitute seedling : A number of perennials bring forth ego - sown seedling that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . set suited planting fix , space fittingly for industrial plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much fence soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming dirt with fingertips and water well . Shade from unmediated sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant life you have chosen is worthy for the precondition you are able-bodied to render it : that it will have enough light , place , and a temperature it will like . call up that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants want to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become deal / root - constipate and their growth is slow up . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the grease will hold the tooth root globe together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble receive the plant out of the good deal , try running a blade around the edge of the bay window , and gently whacking the side to tease apart the soil .
Always use fresh grime when transplant your indoor plant life . Fill around the industrial plant mildly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate right by … this will encourage the roots to fill in their fresh home .
The size pot you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diameter . recollect , many flora choose being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and infix the works through the solution or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . lave the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water answer . antimycotic can be used , consort to label directions . Consult a pro for a sound passport of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged worm that round many type of plants and thrive in hot , teetotal conditions ( like het up houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can pose up to 300 eggs in a spirit span of 45 days without mating . Most of the harm to plant is because of the young larvae which feed on affectionate folio and blossom tissue . This direct to distorted maturation , injured peak petals and premature bloom driblet . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep green goddess down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowish glutinous cards or take vantage of lifelike foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower bath of water supply will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county accommodative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - similar creatures which thrive in live , dry term ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing rima oris parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf fall and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can multiply rapidly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also create a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep dope down and withdraw infested plant . Dry air seems to aggravate the problem , so make certain plant are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to take them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take reward of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension place , record and keep an eye on all label directions . Concentrate your effort on the undersides of the leaf as that is where wanderer mites mostly hold up . pesterer : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / absorb oral cavity role that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton plant and they run to congregate where folio and staunch branch . They attack a wide range of a function of plants . The young tend to move around until they regain a suitable feeding post , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring forth a sweet subject matter called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can guide to an unattractive black aerofoil fungous increment called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested industrial plant from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical passport . Encourage natural enemies such as gentlewoman beetles in the garden to help reduce universe grade of mealy hemipterous insect . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged dirt ball that reckon like tiny moth , which assail many types of plants . The fell adult point prefers the bottom of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can pose up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a works is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is agitate . whitefly can break a plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also produce a scented kernel called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can top to an unattractive black airfoil fungal ontogenesis called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep dope down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants off from non - infested plants ; apply a contemplative mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; yap with yellow-bellied sticky circuit card , go for labeled pesticide ; encourage natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfluctuating cascade of pee will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious birdfeeder , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet . They may wipe out jam in foliage , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as sporty as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in suspect post and fleshy mulch furnish protection from the elements and can be pet hiding seat . In the give , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of little semitransparent spheres ) and adult during dusk and aurora . Set out beer traps from recent spring through declension .
Many chemical controls are usable on the securities industry , but can be poisonous and lethal for child and pets ; take charge when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are bad where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper control surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often flex yellow or brown , loop up , and swing off . New leaf emerges crease and malformed . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant miscellany and infinite plants decently so they obtain adequate light and strain circulation . Always body of water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is overriding for rose . Go slowly on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes serious and surveil directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungus or bacterium . browned or contraband position and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainwater , marked-up garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the industrial plant should be raked up and dispose of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommend fungicide grant to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . vernal scales crawl until they find a honest alimentation land site . The grownup female person then turn a loss their legs and persist on a pip protected by its hard shell layer . They seem as bumps , often on the broken side of folio . They have piercing mouth parts that go down on the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow leaf and foliage pearl . They also produce a unfermented message call in honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black aerofoil fungous growth called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once found they are backbreaking to command . Isolate infested flora away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a sound good word regarding their controller . Encourage lifelike enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty stamp is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , weighing machine , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leave and stems of the plant . The good way to control pitchy mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed aside with a hosiery - end nebulizer .
