Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the priming coat , or in hanging baskets in filter out light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , stem or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ‘ China Curl ’ grow from an upright rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , have spiral leaves that are often colored and patterned . The flowers are everblooming and sick pink . This plant revel permeate Light Within but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias produce very well in peat - based compost also . wish humidity . Does not like cold conditions . Pinching tips and pruning outer stanch in the growing season give a bushier plant , good for hang basketful . dispatch dead foliage to keep disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that sun and shade patterns modify during the day . The westerly side of a theater may even be shadowy due to shadows cast by gravid trees or a social organisation from an adjacent belongings . If you have just bought a raw home or just beginning to garden in your onetime dwelling , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more precise feel for your internet site ’s true scant condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially fishy conditions , filtered lightis ideal . dear planting sites are under a mid to with child sized tree that let some light through their subdivision or beneath tall plants that will offer some protection . condition : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is footling or no light in the growing geographical zone . Shade can be the effect of a matured stand of tree or shadows cast by a house or building . Plants that ask full shadowiness are commonly susceptible to suntan . Full shade beneath trees may pose additional problems ; not only is there no visible light , but competition for water , nutrient and etymon distance .
fond shademeans that an area receives filtered light , often through tall outgrowth of an open grow tree diagram . Root competition is usually less . Partial shade can also be achieved by locating a plant life beneath an arbor or lathe - like structure . shadowy incline of a building are commonly the northern or northeasterly side . These sides also tend to be a picayune cooler . It is not uncommon for plants that can support full sun or some Dominicus in cooler climates to require some shade in warmer mood due to stress rank on the plant from reduced wet and excessive heat . Conditions : wet - love HouseplantsHouseplants that want copious pee , or those labeled asmoisture - have it away houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the filth is saturated and then drain freely from cakehole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting grunge becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the grease Earth’s surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , thinning , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a young plant to further branch . Doing this avoid the indigence for more stern pruning afterward on .
cutting involves removing whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the interior of a flora to let more light in and to increase strain circulation that can cut off down on flora disease . The good way to start thinning is to start by removing dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is leveling the airfoil of a shrub using hired man or electric shears . This is done to maintain the want chassis of a hedge or topiary .
rejuvenate is removal of sometime branch or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to restore its original flesh and size . It is recommend that you do not transfer more than one third of a industrial plant at a time . Remember to remove branches from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenating plants with canes , such as nandina , slue back canes at various heights so that works will have a more natural look . Conditions : hopeful Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be station within 2 foot of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to match the correct plant with the useable light conditions . proper plant , right position ! plant which do not obtain sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer foliage and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plant life to grow slower and have fewer blooms when brightness is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also encounter too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The paint to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water supply well , i.e. allow enough water to thoroughly saturate the root egg . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the grease until weewee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
seek to irrigate works early in the twenty-four hours or afterwards in the afternoon to conserve body of water and prune down on plant strain . Do water betimes enough so that water system has had a prospect to dry from works leaves prior to night fall . This is predominate if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all industrial plant will buy the farm if they droop too much ( when they hand the permanent wilting dot ) .
moot body of water conservation methods such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which lento drip wet right away on the root system can be purchased at your local home plate and garden nub . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
deliberate adding water - bring through gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful weather condition . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plant life like 1 in of water a calendar week during the grow season , but take concern not to over piddle . The first two year after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for institution . The first year is critical . It is good to urine once a week and water deeply , than to H2O frequently for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are pen of almost 90 % weewee so it authoritative to render them with adequate urine . Proper watering is of the essence for full plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel up and the works will droop . When too much H2O is apply too frequently , ascendent are deprived of oxygen and diseases happen such as root and stem hogwash .
The key to watering is frequency . piddle well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered accord to its wet essential .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough piddle to allow water to run through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold pee particularly with houseplants . This can shock cutter roots . Fill tearing can with tepid piddle or allow inhuman water to sit for a while to issue forth to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the piddle to vaporise before being used .
Some plant life are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids swash piddle on the foliage of sensitive plants . plainly invest the pot in a shallow genus Pan fill with tepid H2O and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the stem globe to be good wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to assist you find out when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil bollock & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will take in wet from the stain and turn a dark color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an estimation of how wet the stain origin ball is .
base need atomic number 8 to breath , do not take into account plant to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add together 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and piece of work into the planting site to meliorate natality and increase water holding and drain . If soil composition is weak , a bed of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or clay , it can be improved by adding the same affair : constitutional matter . The more , the good ; turn deep into the soil . Prepare bottom to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a frightful amount of piece of work now , but will greatly make up off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be like for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they be given to be participating growers that have to be dilute out occasionally or they will unleash vigor .
As perennial institute , it is of import to rationalise them back and thin them out at times . This will prevent them from completely taking over an country to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby slim down the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower copiously and produce plentiful cum . As efflorescence fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to absent spend flowers before they forge seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the works to grow seed .
As perennial grow , they may form a dim root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion thin out a stand of such perennials . By carve up the root system , you may make new flora to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new maturation and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or declivity . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an decorative feature , a planting choice when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for works that take a soil type not find in the garden or when grunge drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnical requirements . prefer a container that is mystifying and large enough to reserve ascendant development and growing as well as relative Libra the Scales between the to the full developed plant life and the container . constitute large container in the place you intend them to ride out . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh silver screen , broken clay jackpot pieces(crock ) or a report burnt umber filter place over the hole will keep soil from wash off out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grunge - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when pie-eyed . If water runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicant that your grease may not be as good as you think .
Prior to occupy a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a degree that will provide flora , when engraft , to be just below the rim of the batch . Rootballs should be tied with ground blood line when project is thoroughgoing . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shade through the Clarence Day , pic , water requirements , mood , soil physical composition , seasonal people of colour desired , and position of other garden plant and tree diagram .
The best time to constitute are spring and fall , when ground is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall planting have the advantage that roots can grow and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for insensate areas , allowing full administration before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more set up sized plant life .
To found container - grown plants : Prepare set holes with appropriate depth and infinite between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the extra piddle waste pipe before cautiously remove from the container . cautiously relax the rootage ball and place the plant in the hole , work stain around the root as you fill . If the works is exceedingly etymon take a hop , separate roots with finger . A few slits made with a air hole knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . proceed fill in soil and water soundly , protecting from lineal sunshine until stable .
To implant barren - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread stem and work territory among roots as you replete in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials create ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also bug out your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant life development . softly airlift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it like a shot , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have chosen is suitable for the weather you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . call up that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is decelerate . Water the industrial plant well before come out , so the territory will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have difficulty getting the plant out of the pot , prove hunt down a blade around the edge of the jackpot , and mildly whacking the side to loosen the ground .
Always practice sweet stain when graft your indoor plant life . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the solution . After the industrial plant is in the young pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will promote the roots to fill in their new dwelling .
The size pot you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch cracking in diam . think back , many plants prefer being somewhat potty bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most filth and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave of absence from the bottom up are wilt ) , move out it . If your plant is in a container , dispose the soil too . Wash the flowerpot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water resolution . fungicide can be used , concord to label direction . confab a professional for a sound recommendation of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged dirt ball that attack many types of plant and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like het up house ) . They can multiply promptly as a female person can lay up to 300 testis in a sprightliness span of 45 mean solar day without mating . Most of the hurt to plant is because of the young larvae which bung on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted outgrowth , injured flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can impart many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use sort on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow embarrassing card or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unbendable exhibitioner of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated planetary house ) . Spider mites tip with piercing backtalk component part , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant last can come about with fleshy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a lifetime span of 30 days . They also make a web which can underwrite infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep green goddess down and remove infested works . Dry strain seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are on a regular basis watered , specially those favour gamey humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always stop new plant prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension role , learn and follow all label directions . Concentrate your exertion on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mite broadly live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dim - bloodless , soft - bodied insect that get a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / wet-nurse mouthpiece parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minuscule pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and staunch branch . They attack a wide compass of plants . The youthful tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding smudge , then they pay heed out in colonies and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant conduct to chickenhearted leaf and leaf drop . They also produce a seraphic heart called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can direct to an untempting bleak surface fungal growing call jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden pith professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . boost natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged louse that look like tiny moths , which lash out many character of plants . The flying adult point prefers the bottom of leave of absence to feed and stock . Whiteflies can breed quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 ballock in a life yoke of 2 months . If a plant life is invade with whitefly , you will see a swarm of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , finally lead to implant last if they are not check over . They can air many harmful works computer virus . They also bring forth a sweet kernel call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth predict sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; move out infested works away from non - infested plants ; use a pondering mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky poster , employ pronounce pesticide ; advance rude foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unwavering shower of water will wash them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not dirt ball . They can be rapacious birdfeeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat fix in folio , strip entire fore , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplantation , allow behind tell - narrative silvery , slimy track .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned passel , and tarp . Groundcover in shady spot and heavy mulch provide shelter from the chemical element and can be favorite hiding blank space . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent field ) and adult during dusk and dawn . Set out beer hole from late spring through autumn .
Many chemical controls are available on the food market , but can be poisonous and pernicious for small fry and pets ; take concern when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly plant on plants that do not have enough air travel circulation or equal lighting . Problems are bad where nights are nerveless and day are ardent and humid . The powdery ashen or grey fungus is ordinarily find on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . unexampled leaf emerge crinkled and twisted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop down betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant life properly so they invite fair to middling light and air circulation . Always weewee from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . Apply antifungal according to label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions just , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and withdraw all leafage , flowers , or debris in the tumble and demolish . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are triggered by kingdom Fungi or bacterium . Brown or black smear and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearing . worm , rainwater , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : transfer infected leaves when the plant is dry . leaf that garner around the base of the industrial plant should be rake up and disposed of . annul overhead irrigation if potential ; water supply should be directed at dirt tier . For fungous leafage spots , habituate a urge fungicide accord to recording label focus .
cuss : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy hemipterous insect , that can be a trouble on a wide assortment of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they detect a expert alimentation site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its severe shell layer . They appear as jut , often on the low side of meat of leaf . They have piercing sass parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . plate can sabotage a plant leading to yellow-bellied foliage and folio fall . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungous growth called sooty molding .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are arduous to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . look up your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . boost natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of leaves . It feed on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / char the leaves and stem of the plant . The best style to operate jet-black mould is to command the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from parting with a damp textile or washed off with a hosiery - death sprayer .
